Ngokuya kukhula ixesha elide lokukhanya kwemini kunye nokukhanya okukhulu kwelanga, ukuhamba ezitratweni, akukho nzima ukuqaphela ukuba abantu abaninzi banxibe iilensi zephotochromic kunangaphambili. Iiglasi zelanga ezichazwe ngugqirha zibe ngumthombo okhulayo wengeniso kwishishini lokuthengisa lamehlo kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kwaye iilensi zefotochromic zihlala zisisiseko sokuthengisa ehlotyeni. Imarike kunye nokwamkelwa kwabathengi kweelensi zefotochromic zivela kwisitayile sabo, ukhuseleko olulula, kunye neemfuno ezinxulumene nokuqhuba.
Kule mihla, abantu abaninzi bayawazi umonakalo onokubangela ulusu lwemitha ye-ultraviolet. Izinto zokuzikhusela elangeni, iiparasols, iikepusi zebaseball, kwanezigqubuthelo zengalo zesilika emkhenkceni ziye zaba zizinto ezibalulekileyo kwiihambo zasehlotyeni. Umonakalo owenziwe yimitha ye-UV emehlweni unokungabonakali ngokukhawuleza njengolusu olulusu, kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha, ukuvezwa okugqithisileyo kunokukhokelela kwiziphumo ezibi kakhulu. Izifo zamehlo ezinje nge-cataract kunye ne-macular degeneration ezinxulumene neminyaka ziye zangqinwa ukuba zinekhonkco elithe ngqo okanye elingathanga ngqo ekuvezweni kwe-UV. Okwangoku, abathengi baseTshayina abanayo ingcamango edibeneyo "yokunxiba nini izibuko zelanga" ngokusekelwe kwiimeko zokukhanya kwelanga. Ngokuqhelekileyo, indawo yokukhanyisa yangaphandle sele ifuna ukukhuselwa ukukhanya, kodwa abathengi abaninzi bavakalelwa kukuba "ayiyomfuneko" kwaye bakhetha ukungazinxibi. Ngokuchasene nale mvelaphi, iilensi ze-photochromic, ezibonelela ngokulungiswa kombono kunye nokukhusela ukukhanya ngaphandle kwesidingo sokususwa njengezibuko zelanga eziqhelekileyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, zifumana ukwamkelwa phakathi kwabantu abaninzi.
Umgaqo wokutshintsha umbala kwiilensi ze-photochromic zisekelwe kwi "photochromism." Kwiisetingi zangaphandle, ezi lens ziba mnyama ukuze zifane nezibuko zelanga kwaye zibuyele ekucaceni nasekukhanyeni ngaphakathi. Olu phawu lunxulunyaniswa nento eyaziwa ngokuba yi-silver halide. Ngexesha lokwenziwa kwenkqubo yokuvelisa, abavelisi beelensi bafaka isiseko okanye umaleko wefilimu welensi ngesilivere ye-halide microcrystals. Xa ibonakaliswe kukukhanya okunamandla, i-halide yesilivere ibola ibe yi-ion yesilivere kunye ne-halide ion, ifunxa uninzi lokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet kunye nokukhanya okubonakalayo. Xa ukukhanya okusingqongileyo kuncipha, iiyoni zesilivere kunye ne-halide ion ziphinda zihlangane zibe yihalide yesilivere phantsi kwesenzo sokunciphisa i-copper oxide, ebangela ukuba umbala welensi ube khaphukhaphu de icace kwaye ibonakale ngaphaya kwakhona.
Ukutshintsha kombala kwiilensi zephotochromic sisiphumo soluhlu lweekhemikhali eziguqukayo, kunye nokukhanya (kubandakanya ukukhanya okubonakalayo kunye ne-ultraviolet) kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kwezi mpendulo. Ngokwemvelo, ukusebenza kwenkqubo yokutshintsha umbala kuthonywa ngamaxesha kunye neemeko zemozulu, ngoko ke ayisoloko igcina umphumo ohambelanayo kunye nozinzile.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, kwimozulu yelanga, ubukhulu bemitha ye-ultraviolet yomelele, ekhokelela ekuphenduleni okukhulu kwe-photochromic, kwaye iilensi ziba mnyama kakhulu. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ngeentsuku ezinamafu, xa imitha ye-UV kunye nokukhanya kokukhanya kubuthathaka, iilensi zibonakala zikhaphukhaphu. Ukongezelela, njengoko iqondo lobushushu linyuka, umbala weelensi zephotochromic ukhanya ngokuthe ngcembe. Kwelinye icala, xa iqondo lobushushu lihlile, iilensi ziba mnyama ngokuthe ngcembe. Oku kungenxa yokuba kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, ii-ion zesilivere kunye ne-halide ion, ebezibolile ngaphambili, ziyathotywa zibuyele kwi-halide yesilivere phantsi kwamandla aphezulu, ikhanyisa umbala weelensi.
Ngokuphathelele iilensi zefotochromic, kukwakho eminye imibuzo eqhelekileyo kunye namanqaku olwazi:
Ngaba iilensi ze-photochromic zine-transmittance / ukukhanya okuncinci xa kuthelekiswa neelensi eziqhelekileyo?
Iilensi zephotochromic ezikumgangatho ophezulu azinambala ngokupheleleyo xa zingavulwanga kwaye azinakho ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya okusezantsi kuneelensi eziqhelekileyo.
Kutheni iilensi zephotochromic zingawutshintshi umbala?
Ukungabikho kokutshintsha kombala kwiilensi ze-photochromic kuhambelana nezinto ezimbini: iimeko zokukhanyisa kunye ne-agent photochromic (i-silver halide). Ukuba abatshintshi umbala nakukukhanya okuqinileyo kunye nemitha ye-UV, kunokwenzeka ukuba i-agent ye-photochromic yonakaliswe.
Ngaba umphumo wokutshintsha umbala weelensi zephotochromic uya kuba mandundu ekuhambeni kwexesha?
Njengazo naziphi na iilensi eziqhelekileyo, iilensi zephotochromic nazo zinexesha lokuphila. Ngononophelo olufanelekileyo, zihlala zihlala iminyaka engama-2-3.
Kutheni iilensi zephotochromic ziba mnyama ngokusisigxina ekuhambeni kwexesha?
Ukuba iilensi zefotochromic ziba mnyama ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye azikwazi ukubuyela ekuhleni ngokupheleleyo, kungenxa yokuba iarhente yazo yefotochromic ayinakubuyela kwimeko yayo yangaphambili emva kokutshintsha umbala, okukhokelela kwi-tint eshiyekileyo. Le nto ixhaphake kakhulu kwiilensi ezikumgangatho ophantsi, ngelixa iilensi zefotochromic ezisemgangathweni aziyi kuba nalo ngxaki.
Kutheni iilensi ezingwevu zezona zixhaphakileyo kwimarike?
Iilensi ezingwevu zinokufunxa i-infrared kunye ne-98% yemitha ye-UV. Inzuzo enkulu yeelensi ezingwevu kukuba aziyitshintshi imibala yokuqala yezinto, ngokufanelekileyo ukunciphisa ukukhanya kokukhanya. Bafunxa ukukhanya ngokulinganayo kuwo wonke ama-spectrum, ngoko ke izinto zibonakala zimnyama kodwa ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okubalulekileyo kombala, zibonelela ngembono eyinyani neyendalo. Ukongezelela, igrey ngumbala ongathathi hlangothi, olungele wonke umntu, okwenza ukuba idume kakhulu kwiimarike.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-11-2024