I-Myopia, ekwabizwa ngokuba kukubona izinto ezikufutshane, yimeko yokubona okubonakalayo ebonakaliswa kukubona izinto ezikude, ngelixa ukubona okukufutshane kuhlala kucacile. Njengenye yezona ngxaki zokungaboni kakuhle ezixhaphakileyo kwihlabathi liphela, i-myopia ichaphazela abantu bayo yonke iminyaka. Ukwanda kwayo kuyanda, ingakumbi phakathi kwabantu abancinci, nto leyo eyenza kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuqonda izizathu zayo, imiphumo enokubakho, kunye namaqhinga okuthintela asebenzayo.
1. Yintoni iMyopia?
I-Myopia, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-nearsightingness, yimpazamo yokubona izinto ezikude apho i-eyeball ide okanye i-cornea igobile kakhulu. Olu tshintsho lwe-anatomical lubangela ukuba ukukhanya okungenayo kugxile phambi kwe-retina kunokuba kugxile ngqo kuyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba izinto ezikude zingaboni kakuhle.
I-Myopia idla ngokuhlelwa ngokwezinga lempazamo yokuchasana nokukhanya:
1) I-Myopia ephantsi:Uhlobo oluncinci lokungaboni kakuhle olune-prescription engaphantsi kwe-3.00 diopters.
2) I-Myopia Ephakathi:Inqanaba eliphakathi le-myopia apho ummiselo uphakathi kwe--3.00 kunye ne--6.00 diopters.
3) I-Myopia ephezulu:Uhlobo olubi lwe-myopia olune-prescription engaphezulu kwe-6.00 diopters, oludla ngokunxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko ophezulu wokufumana iingxaki ezinkulu zamehlo ezifana nokuqhekeka kwe-retinal, i-glaucoma, okanye i-myopic macular degeneration.
2.Izizathu zeMyopia
I-Myopia yimeko ebangelwa ziinkalo ezininzi ezichaphazela ufuzo, ukuchatshazelwa yimeko-bume, kunye nendlela yokuphila. Izinto eziphambili ezinegalelo kuyo zichazwe apha ngezantsi:
Izinto ezibangela i-genetic
Imbali yosapho ye-myopia inyusa kakhulu amathuba okuba umntu abe nale meko. Abantwana abanomzali omnye okanye bobabini abachaphazelekileyo yi-myopia basengozini enkulu yokufumana le mpazamo yokungalali kakuhle, nto leyo egxininisa inxalenye enamandla yelifa yale ngxaki.
Izinto eziphathelele indalo
1) Ukusondela Emsebenzini Ixesha Elide:Ukuzibandakanya rhoqo kwimisebenzi efuna ukugxila ngokusondeleyo emehlweni, njengokufunda, ukubhala, okanye ukusebenzisa izixhobo zedijithali ixesha elide, kubangela uxinzelelo olukhulu emehlweni kwaye kuchongwe njengeyona nto iphambili ebangela ukungabikho kwengqondo.
2) Ukungabikho kokukhanya okwaneleyo ngaphandle:Ixesha elincinci elichithwa ngaphandle, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezinokukhanya okwaneleyo kwendalo, linxulunyaniswa kakhulu nokwanda kwesifo se-myopia, ingakumbi kubantwana. Ukuvezwa kukukhanya kwendalo kukholelwa ukuba kudlala indima yokukhusela ekulawuleni ukukhula kwamehlo nokuthintela ukunwebeka okukhulu kwe-axial.
Imikhwa Yokuphila
Iindlela zokuphila zanamhlanje ezibonakaliswa kukuvezwa ixesha elide kwesikrini, ukunciphisa umsebenzi womzimba, kunye nexesha elincinci elichithwa ngaphandle zinegalelo elikhulu ekuphuhlisweni nasekuqhubekeni kwe-myopia. Ezi ndlela zokuziphatha ziyandisa uxinzelelo lokubona kwaye zikhuthaza iimeko ezingathandekiyo zokugcina impilo yamehlo ikwimeko entle.
3. Iimpawu zeMyopia
Iimpawu zeklinikhi ze-myopia ziquka:
1) Umbono Ongacacanga Kude:Ubunzima bokubona izinto ngokucacileyo xa zikude ngelixa ukubona kufutshane akuchaphazeleki.
2) Ukukroba Amehlo Rhoqo okanye Ukuxinezeleka Kwamehlo:Ukuthambekela kokufinya amehlo ngenjongo yokuphucula ukugxila kwizinto ezikude, okanye ukudinwa kwamehlo ngenxa yemisebenzi yokubona ethatha ixesha elide.
3) Intloko ebuhlungu:Idla ngokubangelwa kukuxinana okunxulunyaniswa nokugxila kwizinto ezikude ixesha elide.
4) Ukwanda kokusondela kwimisebenzi ebonakalayo:Isidingo sokuhlala kufutshane neTV okanye ukubamba izixhobo zokufunda kumgama ophantsi ukuze ubone ngokucacileyo.
Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho nifumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu, kubalulekile ukufuna uhlolo olupheleleyo lwamehlo kwingcali yokhathalelo lwamehlo efanelekileyo ukuze kufunyanwe isifo ngokuchanekileyo kunye namanyathelo afanelekileyo okulungisa.
4. Impembelelo yeMyopia
I-Myopia inokuchaphazela kakhulu umgangatho wobomi, ingakumbi xa ingalungiswanga. Ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kokubona okufipheleyo, i-myopia ephezulu inokukhokelela kwiingxaki zempilo yamehlo ezinzulu, kuquka:
1) Ukuhlukaniswa kweRetinal:I-retina isenokuphuma ngasemva kweliso, nto leyo ebangela ukulahleka kokubona ukuba ayinyangwa ngokukhawuleza.
2) I-Glaucoma:Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwamehlo emehlweni angaboni kakuhle luyandisa umngcipheko wokonakala kwemithambo-luvo yamehlo.
3) Ukonakala kwe-Myopic Macular:Ukunwebeka ixesha elide kwe-retina kunokukhokelela kumonakalo we-macular kunye nokuphazamiseka kokubona.
5. Ukuthintela nokulawula i-Myopia
Nangona i-myopia ingenakutshintshwa ngokwemfuza, iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezisekelwe kubungqina zinokunceda ekuthinteleni ukuqala kwayo okanye ukucothisa inkqubela yayo. Ezi ndlela zigxila ekutshintsheni indlela yokuphila, ukulungiswa kwendalo, kunye nokubonwa kwangoko:
1) Yandisa ixesha olichitha ngaphandle
Uphando lubonisa ukuba ukuchayeka ekukhanyeni kwendalo kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni uphuhliso kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwe-myopia. Ukukhuthaza abantwana ukuba bachithe ubuncinane iiyure ezimbini ngosuku ngaphandle kunokunceda ekulawuleni ukukhula kwamehlo kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko we-myopia.
2) Yamkela uMlawuli we-20-20-20
Ukuze unciphise uxinzelelo lwamehlo ngenxa yokusebenza ixesha elide kufutshane, sebenzisa umthetho we-20-20-20: rhoqo ngemizuzu engama-20, thatha ikhefu lemizuzwana engama-20 ukuze ugxile kwinto ekumgama ongama-20 eenyawo ubuncinane. Olu qheliselo lulula lunceda ukukhulula i-ciliary.izihlunu kwaye zithintela ukuhlala ngokugqithisileyo.
3) Ukunciphisa Ixesha lesikrini
Ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwezixhobo zedijithali, ingakumbi ebantwaneni, kunxulunyaniswa kakhulu nokukhula kwe-myopia. Khuthaza imisebenzi eyahlukileyo, efana nemidlalo yangaphandle, izinto ozithandayo, okanye ukuhlola indalo, ukuze kuncitshiswe ukuxhomekeka kwimisebenzi ejolise kakhulu.
4) Lungiselela iimeko zokukhanyisa
Qinisekisa ukuba yonke imisebenzi yokubona, kuquka ukufunda, ukubhala, kunye nokusebenzisa isikrini, yenziwa kwiindawo ezikhanyiswe kakuhle. Ukukhanya okufanelekileyo kunciphisa uxinzelelo olungeyomfuneko lokubona kwaye kukhuthaza impilo engcono yamehlo.
5) Cwangcisa uVavanyo lwaMahlo oluQhelekileyo
Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo rhoqo kubalulekile ekufumaneni kwangethuba kunye nokungenelela ngexesha elifanelekileyo ekulawuleni i-myopia. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kubaluleke kakhulu kubantwana nakubantu abanembali yentsapho ye-myopia, nto leyo evumela amanyathelo afanelekileyo okulungisa nokubeka iliso ekuqhubekeni kwayo.
6. I-Myopia kwixesha ledijithali
Ukwanda kwezixhobo zedijithali kuye kwazisa lula ebomini bethu kodwa kukwanegalelo ekwandeni kwamatyala e-myopia kwihlabathi liphela. Eyaziwa ngokuba yi-"digital eye strain" okanye "computer vision syndrome," ukusetyenziswa kwesikrini ixesha elide kunokwenza iimpawu zokubona kufutshane zibe mandundu.
Amaqhinga okunciphisa uxinzelelo lwamehlo lwedijithali
Ukunciphisa imiphumo emibi yokusetyenziswa kwesikrini ixesha elide kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhubela phambili kwe-myopia, kucetyiswa ezi ndlela zilandelayo:
1) Lungiselela ukuKhanya kweSkrini:Lungisa ukukhanya kwezikrini zedijithali ukuze kuhambelane nokukhanya okungqongileyo kwigumbi. Oku kunciphisa ukukhanya kwaye kuthintele ukuxinana kwamehlo okubangelwa kukungafani okugqithisileyo.
2) Gcina umgama ofanelekileyo wokujonga:Qinisekisa ukuba izikrini zibekwe kumgama ofanelekileyo, ngesiqhelo malunga nobude bengalo, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwamehlo. Ukongeza, isikrini kufuneka sibe ngaphantsi kancinci kwinqanaba lamehlo ukukhuthaza umgca wendalo wokubona.
3) Ziqhelise ukuKhanya rhoqo:Ukuqhwanyaza rhoqo kubalulekile ukugcina amehlo emanzi kwaye kunciphise ukoma okunxulunyaniswa nokusetyenziswa ixesha elide kwesikrini. Zama ukuqhwanyaza rhoqo ukuze ukhuthaze ukuveliswa kwefilimu yokukrazula esempilweni.
Ngokufaka la manyathelo okuthintela kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, abantu banokunciphisa kakhulu impembelelo yoxinzelelo lwamehlo lwedijithali kwaye bancede ekukhuseleni amehlo abo kwimiphumo emibi yokuvezwa kwesikrini ixesha elide.
7. Isiphelo
I-Myopia yingxaki ekhulayo kwihlabathi liphela, kodwa ngolwazi olufanelekileyo kunye namanyathelo okuthintela, inokulawulwa ngempumelelo. Nokuba kukutshintsha indlela yokuphila, iilensi zokulungisa, okanye iindlela zonyango eziphambili, ukugcina umbono ophilileyo kuyenzeka.
At I-Optical efanelekileyo, asingomnikezeli nje weelensi—siliqabane lakho ekunyamekeleni amehlo. Qhagamshelana nathi namhlanje ukuze uhlole uluhlu lwethu lwezisombululo ze-myopia kwaye uthathe inyathelo lokuqala lokujonga ngcono wena nosapho lwakho.
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-18-2024