Iilensi aziqhelekanga kubantu abaninzi, kwaye yilensi edlala indima enkulu ekulungiseni i-myopia kunye nokufakela izibuko. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokugquma kwiilensi,njengeengubo eziluhlaza, iingubo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, iingubo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-mfusa, kwanezo zibizwa ngokuba "ziingubo zegolide zengingqi ezithiywayo" (igama eliqhelekileyo leengubo ezinemibala yegolide).Ukuguguleka kweengubo zelensi yenye yezona zizathu ziphambili zokutshintshwa kweengubo zeglasi. Namhlanje, makhe sifunde ngolwazi olunxulumene neengubo zelensi.
Ngaphambi kokuba kubekho iilensi ze-resin, iilensi zeglasi yayizezona zifumanekayo kwimarike. Iilensi zeglasi zinezibonelelo ezifana ne-refractive index ephezulu, i-high light transmittance, kunye nobunzima obuphezulu, kodwa zikwanazo neziphene: kulula ukuziqhekeza, zinzima, kwaye azikhuselekanga, phakathi kwezinye.
Ukulungisa iingxaki zeelensi zeglasi, abavelisi baye baphanda baza baphuhlisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo bezama ukutshintsha iglasi ukuze kwenziwe iilensi. Nangona kunjalo, ezi ndlela azizange zibe zilungile—isixhobo ngasinye sineenzuzo kunye neengxaki zaso, okwenza kube nzima ukufikelela ekusebenzeni okulinganiselayo okugubungela zonke iimfuno. Oku kuquka neelensi ze-resin (izinto ze-resin) ezisetyenziswa namhlanje.
Kwiilensi ze-resin zanamhlanje, ukugquma yinkqubo ebalulekileyo.Izinto ze-resin nazo zineentlobo ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo, ezifana ne-MR-7, MR-8, CR-39, PC, kunye ne-NK-55-C.Kukwakho nezinye izinto ezininzi ze-resin, nganye ineempawu ezahluke kancinci. Nokuba yilensi yeglasi okanye ilensi ye-resin, xa ukukhanya kudlula kumphezulu welensi, kwenzeka izinto ezininzi ezibonakalayo: ukubonakalisa, ukurhawuzelela, ukufunxa, ukusasazeka, kunye nokudluliselwa.
Ukwaleka Okungabonisi Ukukhanya
Ngaphambi kokuba ukukhanya kufike kumphezulu welensi, amandla ayo okukhanya ayi-100%. Nangona kunjalo, xa iphuma kumphezulu welensi ize ingene kwiliso lomntu, amandla okukhanya awasekho yi-100%. Okukhona ipesenti ephezulu yamandla okukhanya egcinwa, kokukhona ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kungcono, kwaye kokukhona umgangatho womfanekiso kunye nesisombululo siphezulu.
Kwizinto zelensi ezimiselweyo, ukunciphisa ukulahleka kokukhanya yindlela eqhelekileyo yokuphucula ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya. Okukhona ukukhanya kukhanya kubonakalisiwe, kokukhona ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kwelensi kuncipha, kwaye umgangatho womfanekiso uphantsi. Ke ngoko, ukuthintela ukubonakaliswa kuye kwaba yingxaki ephambili ekufuneka ijongwe kwiilensi ze-resin—kwaye le yindlela ukufakelwa kokukhanya okuchasene nokukhanya (okwaziwa ngokuba ziifilimu ezichasene nokukhanya okanye ii-AR coatings) ezisetyenziswa ngayo kwiilensi (ekuqaleni, ukufakelwa kokukhanya okuchasene nokukhanya kwakusetyenziswa kwiilensi ezithile ze-optical).
Iingubo ezichasene nokukhanya zisebenzisa umgaqo wokuphazamiseka. Zifumana ubudlelwane phakathi kokukhanya okubonakalayo kwelensi egqunywe ngokukhanya kunye nezinto ezifana nobude bokukhanya okubangelwa kukukhanya, ubukhulu bengubo, isalathisi sokuqaqamba kwengubo, kunye nesalathisi sokuqaqamba kwengubo. Olu yilo lubangela ukuba imisebe yokukhanya edlula kwingubo irhoxise enye kwenye, nto leyo enciphisa ukulahleka kwamandla okukhanya kumphezulu welensi kwaye iphucule umgangatho womfanekiso kunye nesisombululo.
Uninzi lweengubo ezichasene nokukhanya zenziwe ngee-oxide zesinyithi ezicocekileyo kakhulu ezifana ne-titanium oxide kunye ne-cobalt oxide. Ezi zinto zifakwa kumphezulu welensi ngenkqubo yokufuma (i-vacuum evaporation coating) ukuze kufezekiswe isiphumo esisebenzayo sokuchasa ukukhanya. Iintsalela zihlala zihlala emva kwenkqubo yokuchasa ukukhanya, kwaye uninzi lwezi ngubo zibonisa umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ngokomgaqo, umbala weengubo ezichasene nokukhanya unokulawulwa—umzekelo, zinokwenziwa njengeengubo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ezimfusa-oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ezimfusa-obomvu, ezingwevu, njl. Iingubo ezinemibala eyahlukeneyo zahlukile ngokweenkqubo zazo zemveliso. Thatha iingubo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka njengomzekelo: iingubo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zifuna ukulawula ukukhanya okuphantsi, okwenza inkqubo yazo yokugquma ibe nzima kunezo zengubo eziluhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, umahluko ekudluliseleni kokukhanya phakathi kweengubo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye neengubo eziluhlaza unokuba ngaphantsi kwe-1%.
Kwiimveliso zeelensi, iilensi eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiilensi eziphakathi ukuya kweziphezulu. Ngokwesiqhelo, iingubo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zinokukhanya okuphezulu kuneengubo eziluhlaza (kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba oku "ngokwesiseko"). Oku kungenxa yokuba ukukhanya kungumdibaniso wamaza anee-wavelengths ezahlukeneyo, kwaye iindawo zokuthatha imifanekiso yee-wavelengths ezahlukeneyo kwi-retina ziyahluka. Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, ukukhanya okumthubi-luhlaza kuthathwa umfanekiso ngqo kwi-retina, kwaye ukukhanya okuluhlaza kuncedisa ngakumbi kulwazi olubonakalayo—ngaloo ndlela, iliso lomntu livakalelwa ngakumbi kukukhanya okuluhlaza.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Novemba-06-2025